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Weight training versus resistance training
Resistance training involves the use of elastic or hydraulic resistance to
contraction rather than gravity. Weight training provides the majority of the
resistance at the beginning, initiation joint angle of the movement, when the
muscle must overcome the inertia of the weight's mass. After this point the
overall resistance alters depending on the angle of the joint. In comparison,
hydraulic resistance provides a fixed amount of resistance throughout the range
of motion, depending on the speed of the movement. Elastic resistance provides
the greatest resistance at the end of the motion, when the elastic element is
stretched to the greatest extent.
Weight training versus isometric training
Isometric exercise provides a fixed amount of resistance based on the force
output of the muscle. This strengthens the muscle at the specific joint angle at
which the isometric exercise occurs, with some lesser gains in strength also
occurring at proximal joint angles. In comparison, weight training strengthens
the muscle throughout the range of motion the joint is trained in, causing an
increase in physical strength from the initiating through to terminating joint
angle.
Weight training and bodybuilding
Although weight training is similar to bodybuilding, they have different
objectives. Bodybuilders compete in bodybuilding competitions; they train to
maximize their muscular size and develop extremely low levels of body fat. In
contrast, most weight trainers train to improve their strength and anaerobic
endurance while not giving special attention to reducing body fat below normal.
Weight trainers tend to focus on compound exercises to build basic strength,
whereas bodybuilders often use isolation exercises to visually separate their
muscles, and to improve muscular symmetry.
However, the bodybuilding community has been the source of many of weight
training's principles, techniques, vocabulary, and customs. Weight training does
allow a tremendous flexibility in exercises and weights which can allow
bodybuilders to target specific muscles and muscle groups, and attain specific
goals.
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